HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – I

About Author

Dr. Richa Agarwal is a dedicated academician, researcher, and pharmaceutical professional currently serving as an Associate Professor at Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. With over 11 years of experience spanning academia, pharmaceutical industry, and clinical research, she has established herself as a committed contributor to pharmaceutical education and scientific innovation. Dr. Agarwal completed her Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) and Master of Pharmacy (M.Pharm.) in Pharmacology from Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, where she graduated with Honours and actively participated in research activities. She further earned her Ph.D. in Pharmacy in 2025 from Lords University, Alwar, Rajasthan, strengthening her expertise in pharmacological and clinical research. Her research interests encompass clinical trials, preclinical pharmacological evaluation, drug discovery, translational research, pharmacovigilance, advanced pharmaceutical technologies, and innovative therapeutic approaches. She has extensive experience in conducting and evaluating preclinical studies using various experimental models and has actively contributed to the advancement of evidence-based pharmaceutical research. Dr. Agarwal has authored and co-authored more than 30 research and review articles published in reputed national and international journals indexed in Scopus, Embase, and other peer-reviewed databases. Her scholarly contributions reflect her commitment to scientific excellence and research integrity. She is also the holder of one granted patent, demonstrating her innovative approach toward pharmaceutical research and technology development. In addition to her research accomplishments, Dr. Agarwal actively participates in seminars, conferences, workshops, and Faculty Development Programs (FDPs) at national and international levels. Through her dedication to teaching, research, and professional development, she continues to inspire students and young researchers while contributing significantly to the growth of pharmaceutical sciences and healthcare innovation. Ms. Navneet Kaur is a dedicated academician and researcher currently serving as an Assistant Professor at Adesh College of Pharmacy, Mohri, District Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. With over 6.5 years of teaching experience in pharmaceutical education, she has made significant contributions to academics, research, and student mentoring in the field of pharmacy. Ms. Kaur completed her Master of Pharmacy (M.Pharm.) in Pharmacology from Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, and is currently pursuing her Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) from Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana. Her academic journey reflects a strong commitment to advancing pharmaceutical sciences through continuous learning and research excellence. Her research interests include experimental pharmacology, neuropharmacology, toxicology, drug safety evaluation, pharmacovigilance, natural product research, and novel therapeutic approaches for disease management. She is actively involved in research activities aimed at enhancing the understanding of pharmacological mechanisms and improving therapeutic outcomes. Ms. Kaur has authored three research papers and two review articles published in reputed national and international journals. She has also contributed several book chapters in recognized academic publications, demonstrating her scholarly engagement and subject expertise. In addition, she holds five patents, highlighting her innovative contributions to pharmaceutical research and technology development. Throughout her academic career, she has actively participated in conferences, seminars, workshops, and faculty development programs, enriching her professional knowledge and teaching skills. As an educator, she is committed to fostering critical thinking, scientific inquiry, and professional ethics among students. Her dedication to teaching, research, and innovation continues to contribute to the growth of pharmaceutical education and healthcare research. Prof. (Dr.) Manoj Kumar Pani is an accomplished academician and administrator presently serving as Principal & Professor at Indira Gandhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. With more than twenty years of distinguished experience in pharmaceutical education and research, he has made noteworthy contributions to academia through teaching, research, mentorship, and institutional leadership. Over the course of his career, Dr. Pani has actively contributed to several academic and scientific committees of reputed universities, where he has played an important role in curriculum development, research evaluation, and quality enhancement in higher education. His commitment to scientific advancement is reflected in his substantial research contributions, with over thirty research publications published in reputed national and international peer-reviewed journals. His innovative research efforts have also led to the filing and granting of ten patents, demonstrating his dedication to translational and impactful pharmaceutical research. In addition, he has authored four pharmaceutical books for B.Pharm & M.Pharm course, contributing significantly to academic and professional learning in the field of pharmacy. As a committed mentor and research guide, Dr. Pani has supervised more than fifty postgraduate (M.Pharm) research projects, helping students strengthen their academic and professional capabilities. He has also guided five Ph.D. scholars, among whom four scholars have successfully been awarded doctoral degrees under his supervision. Dr. Pani is a life member of esteemed professional organizations such as the Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of India (APTI) and the Indian Pharmacy Graduates' Association (IPGA). With his extensive academic experience, scholarly accomplishments, and administrative expertise, Prof. (Dr.) Manoj Kumar Pani continues to be a respected figure in the field of pharmaceutical sciences education, dedicated to promoting excellence in teaching, research, innovation, and institutional development. Dr. C. Balalakshmi is currently serving as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Nanoscience and Technology at Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. She has over eight years of enriched teaching experience at the postgraduate level and has established herself as an active researcher in interdisciplinary nanoscience. Her primary research interests include Nano Marine Biology, Bio-Nanomaterials, Nano Green Biology, Nanomedical Biotechnology, and nano-based anti-coating applications in food packaging.Dr. Balalakshmi has successfully completed several research projects funded under the “RUSA 2.0 Theme-Based Research Project Grant Allocation” scheme. She has published more than 20 research articles in peer-reviewed indexed journals and has been recognized as an approved research guide for M.Phil. and Ph.D. scholars. She serves as an Editorial Board Member of Innovative Scientific Research Professional (Malaysia) and as an Editor Member of the Global Management Council – Glacier Journal Research Foundation, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. She is a Life Member of the Indian Science Congress Association, Kolkata, and holds memberships in Asia’s Who’s Who and Asian Biographies. Her academic contributions include presenting 76 conference papers, attending over 60 conferences, and participating in 24 workshops, 18 FDP and training programs. She has edited 17 books, authored six book chapters, and holds 16 Indian patents, two UK patents, and two German patents. The AURF Seed Money Grant 2024 (sanctioned vide letter No. AU/SO(P&D)/AURF Seed Money/2024, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India, dated 11 December 2024) has significantly supported her research activities and contributed to the development of this book, and is duly acknowledged. Dr. Deepthi Rayilla is an accomplished academician, researcher, and administrator currently serving as an Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacology at Care College of Pharmacy, Telangana, India. With over 15.6 years of experience in teaching, research, and academic administration, she has made significant contributions to pharmaceutical education and the advancement of pharmacological sciences. Dr. Rayilla earned her Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Pharmacology from GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, where she developed strong expertise in experimental pharmacology and biomedical research. Throughout her distinguished academic career, she has been actively involved in teaching undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral students, fostering a culture of scientific inquiry and research excellence. Her research interests encompass experimental pharmacology, neuropharmacology, toxicology, drug discovery, pharmacovigilance, preclinical evaluation of therapeutic agents, and translational research. She has successfully guided numerous B.Pharm., Pharm.D., and M.Pharm. students, many of whom have excelled in academics, research, and professional careers under her mentorship. Dr. Rayilla has authored and co-authored numerous research papers, review articles, and book chapters published in reputed national and international journals. Her scholarly contributions have significantly enriched the field of pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences. In addition to her research accomplishments, she serves as an active reviewer for several reputed pharmaceutical and biomedical journals, contributing to the maintenance of scientific quality and research integrity. She has actively participated in and presented her research at various national and international scientific conferences, seminars, and workshops. Through her dedication to academics, research, and institutional administration, Dr. Rayilla continues to inspire students and researchers while contributing meaningfully to the advancement of healthcare and pharmaceutical sciences.